
On this date in 1883, infamous outlaw Black Bart robbed his last stagecoach. Bart, whose real name was Charles Bolles, began robbing stagecoaches at the ripe old age of 46. He committed his first robbery in 1875 in Calavaras County, CA. The stage from Milton to Sonora was his target. He stopped the stage by pointing a double barrel shotgun at driver John Shine and calling for his accomplices--hidden in the bushes behind him--to open fire if Shine made a move for his gun. Seeing six rifle barrels pointing at him from the bushes, Shine decided that discretion was the better part of valor. He turned over the strong box and mail sack without incident and headed on down the road.
When Shine returned to the scene of the robbery, he saw that the rifle barrels were still protruding from the bushes. When he noticed they weren't moving, he moved in closer. That's when he realized that the rifle barrels were really sticks stuck in the bushes. Black Bart was working alone.
Over the next eight years, Bart committed twenty-seven more robberies. Bart never shot anyone, but he was shot twice. And he never robbed any of the passengers. In fact, during one robbery, a terrified female passenger threw her purse out the window to Bart. Bart picked it up, walked to the stage, handed it back to the lady and said " "Madam, I do not wish your money. In that respect I honor only the good office of Wells Fargo." What a guy!
Bart wasn't just a robber, he was a poet, too. At the scene of his fourth and fifth robberies, he left behind poems he had written signed "Black Bart, the P o 8." Here's a sample of Bart's verse, from the fourth robbery:
I've labored long and hard for bread,
For honor and for riches
But on my corns too long you've tread,
You fine-haired sons-of-bitches.
Pure Shakespeare. Old Bart was a true renaissance man. With a shotgun.
Bart's eight year robbery career came to an end in 1883, when he robbed a stage on Funk Hill, in Calaveras County, the scene of his first heist. Bart got shot and fled the scene. He left a number of personal items behind, including a handkerchief with a laundry mark. Wells Fargo detectives traced the mark to a laundry in San Francisco. Once they found the laundry, it wasn't long before they were on the trail of a "C.E. Bolton," who lived in a local boarding house, and was known to take frequent business trips. Business trips that just happened to coincide with twenty-eight stage coach robberies.
Charles Bolles eventually admitted to being Black Bart, and to committing several of the robberies. Wells Fargo pressed charges on his last robbery, and Bolles was tried and convicted. He wound up doing four years in San Quentin. He disappeared shortly after his release in 1888.
BLACK BART: California's Infamous Stage RobberWikipedia article about Charles Bolles/Black Bart